I’ve now been driving my 2013 Nissan Leaf for about 4 months. A couple of notes:
Battery Capacity
I lost a bar of battery capacity around 18,000 miles. This puts the car probably near 2.5 years old, and is indicative that the car spent a lot of time in the heat down in Georgia with its previous owner (and likely the previous owner didn’t go out of his way to use the battery in long life mode). The LeafSpy app currently reports battery State-of-Health at 82% with 19,000 miles.
I think one of the more annoying things about EVs is that the range is specified on Day 1, whereas the average range you’ll see as an owner of a leaf for 5 years will be closer to 80-90% of that figure, dipping to 70% at the end of the pack life. This is much more of an issue with an 85 mile range car than with the new 110 mile leaf or a 200+ mile range vehicle.
LeafSpy
I got a Wifi OBD dongle and the LeafSpy app, which has enabled me to access detailed statistics about the car including tire pressure, exact State-of-Health of the pack in %, cell balance, pack temperature sensors, etc. It also allowed me to configure the car to unlock when I engaged park instead of waiting until the vehicle was fully shut off (the only problem is that if I absentmindedly shut the car off without putting it in park first, the doors don’t unlock).
On a related note, I have gotten the car into the “Engine Power Limited”/”Turtle” mode now. It engages at 5 GIDs worth of power as reported by the LeafSpy app, though the indicators for capacity inside the car have long since deactivated at that level of charge
Service
I brought the car into the dealership for a voluntary recall relating to some doodad freezing and they appear to have updated the software. Among the changes, I can now shift into drive sooner after turning the car on and the car makes a different jungle noise when starting up (yay).
Biggest Grievances
Overall, I love the car, but as an engineer there are a few points about it that really irk me.
Drivetrain
The car’s handling of power versus accelerator and brake movements is designed with the first and foremost goal of making people who used to drive automatic transmission ICE vehicles feel at home. I understand why this was done, at least in the primary Drive mode. It applies a bit of regenerative braking to make the car feel like an ICE car when you take your foot off the gas, it creeps forward when you remove your foot from the break.
Nissan also introduced a “B” or increased regenerative braking mode. I really love this mode because it allows you to operate the car most of the time without having to use the brake pedal. However, this mode is still engineered to make drivers of automatic transmission ICE cars feel at home rather than trying to make the mode work as it should.
If I’m going 60 MPH and I release the accelerator in B mode, it will apply maximum (30 kW) regenerative braking. However, as soon as the car hits 45 MPH it starts to inexplicably reduce the amount of regenerative braking that it applies, all the way down to around 8 MPH where the car stops applying regen and will instead apply power to the wheels to keep it coasting forward. It’s obvious that if I whale on the brake pedal that it can apply 30 kW of regen all the way down to below 10 MPH, but instead of applying maximum regenerative braking in the regen mode, the engineers instead opted to still require you to press the brake pedal to get maximum regen. Even more frustrating is that the car won’t apply max regen unless you brake quite hard with the standard pads. This also makes no sense: the EV should prioritize regen — no brake pads should be applied until 100% of regen is in use. This increases the efficiency of the drivetrain and reduces wear and tear on the car.
Recommendation: Provide a settings menu to configure the handling of the car in D and B mode. I want to be able to disable the creep in both modes, use D mode to apply no regenerative braking at all when the accelerator is lifted off the floor. I want to use B mode to apply 100% regen available at all speeds so that I can slow the car to a stop without touching the brake. Bonus points for either retooling the brake pedal to engage maximum regen before using the mechanical brakes or providing a separate control that can be used to apply only regen.
Battery Capacity
Gas vehicles indicate tank capacity by a gauge, which makes sense because it is measuring a level of liquid sloshing around a tank. The EV, in comparison, has the cool capability to tell you nearly exactly how much energy is in the battery down to the Watt Hour.
So the Leaf can tell your exact efficiency in Miles/kWH and it knows the amount of kWH in the battery at all times yet the 2011/12 Leafs literally gave only 12 rough “bars” to indicate available charge and the “guess-o-meter,” that thing you have in your gas car that roughly estimates miles till empty and is usually relegated to the back page of some dash menu.
Leaf owners quickly discovered that the car would tell you exact battery charge through the OBD port and hacked meters to display the real number onto their console with duct tape. In the 2013 Leaf, Nissan, equipped with all the wonders of modern technology, provided an entirely arbitrary percent scale into the dash menu, leaving the near-useless guess-o-meter displayed prominently, and 1/3 of the heads up display dominated by the worlds most useless “tree meter” which literally illuminates a small forest as you drive to make you feel good about yourself.
Here’s why this is terrible: the guess-o-meter basically assumes you will be driving the same exact way for the entire trip. If you drive half the trip on a state route at 40 mph and half the route on an interstate traveling 70, the guess-o-meter will reliably be off in its estimate in both directions because it will assume that the rest of the trip is to be made during the same conditions under which you start out.
Even more infuriating, in the spirit of “fog of war” the leaf stops telling you how much power it has left when it gets down to 5% remaining charge in the battery pack. The only way to know at this point is to plug in a duct tape OBD meter.
Recommendation: provide a meter for kWH in the battery pack, ideally either replacing the guess-o-meter or the tree meter or at a minimum in a software update for all previous leafs. Bonus points if it’s configurable (the user can select %, kWH, or guess-o-meter next to the bars).
Charging
You cannot open the charge port while the car is on. Rather than allowing me to pull up to a charger, plug in the charger, and have that action disable the drivetrain, the leaf requires me to shut off the vehicle before charging. Only after charging I may turn the vehicle back on in a “Drivetrain disabled” mode which allows me to use the climate control and radio. It’s really annoying, especially since an entirely electric software-driven car there is absolutely no reason why this isn’t feasible.
Entertainment System
The entertainment system feels like I’ve reentered the dark ages. Honestly it’s better to make cars that can slip in Android tablets into the dash than make these archaic resistive touch screens that display blocky unscrollable and confusing menus. For instance: the leaf has a spare SD card slot. You’d think that you could load music onto that spare SD card and play them through the entertainment system, but you’d be wrong. Further, the entertainment system can only read MP3 files off any USB attached storage. How difficult could it be to implement FLAC support?
Quick Charging
Quick charging is great, however there are no Quick Chargers convenient to getting from Boston to Portland. With a single quick charge off I-95 north in New Hampshire, this would be easily doable. Without one, I’ll be required to drink beers at a brewery while I wait for my car to charge outside for two hours.